Led by Prof. Richard Catlow (University College London/ Cardiff University)
The project “Identifying Intermediates in the Conversion of Biomass Derivatives” focuses on advancing fundamental understanding of how biomass-derived molecules are transformed over zeolite catalysts, with particular emphasis on in situ/operando characterisation and neutron scattering techniques.
Addressing a key challenge in sustainable catalysis, the work aims to uncover how complex, multicomponent reaction environments evolve within zeolite pores during the production of valuable aromatics such as benzene, toluene and xylene. The programme is structured around four complementary strands—zeolite synthesis and deuteration, diffusion measurements, vibrational spectroscopy, and computational modelling—providing an integrated approach to link catalyst structure, molecular behaviour and reaction outcomes.
A defining feature of the project is its use of deuteration and advanced neutron methods to probe catalytic processes with exceptional sensitivity. Quasi-elastic neutron scattering will be used to quantify molecular diffusion, while IR, Raman and inelastic neutron scattering will identify adsorbed intermediates and reaction pathways. By employing deuterated Brønsted acid catalysts, the team will selectively track the formation of phenolic intermediates and coke precursors, enabling detailed investigation of catalyst deactivation mechanisms. Supported by close collaboration with the ISIS Neutron and Muon Source and the University of Bath, the project will also develop new time-resolved methodologies to study competitive adsorption and diffusion under realistic conditions. Overall, this work advances the Characterisation and Sustainability themes of the Hub by delivering cutting-edge tools and insights to guide the design of more robust catalysts for biomass upgrading.
